• Is diet partly responsible for differences in COVID‑19 death rates between and within countries? 

  Bousquet, J.; Anto, J.M.; Iaccarino, G.; Czarlewski, W.; Haahtela, T.; Anto, A.; Akdis, C.A.; Blain, H.; Canonica, G.W.; Cardona, V.; Cruz, A.A.; Illario, M.; Ivancevich, J.C.; Jutel, M.; Klimek, L.; Kuna, P.; Laune, D.; Larenas-Linnemann, D.; Mullol, J.; Papadopoulos, N.G.; Pfaar, O.; Samolinski, B.; Valiulis, A.; Yorgancioglu, A.; Zuberbier, T.; ARIA group (BMC, 2020-05-27)

  Reported COVID-19 deaths in Germany are relatively low as compared to many European countries. Among the several explanations proposed, an early and large testing of the population was put forward. Most current debates on ...

• Rubella vaccine introduction in the South African public vaccination schedule: Mathematical modelling for decision making 

  Motaze, N.V.; Edoka, I.; Wiysonge, C.S.; Metcalf, C.J.E.; Winter, A.K. (MDPI, 2020-07-13)

  Background: age structured mathematical models have been used to evaluate the impact of rubella-containing vaccine (RCV) introduction into existing measles vaccination programs in several countries. South Africa has a ...

• Diverse genomoviruses representing twenty‑nine species identified associated with plants 

  Fontenele, R.S.; Roumagnac, P.; Richet, C.; Kraberger, S.; Stainton, D.; Aleamotu'a, M.; Filloux, D.; Bernardo, P.; Harkins, G.W.; McCarthy, J.; Charles, L.S.; Lamas, N.S.; Abreu, E.F.M.; Abreu, R.A.; Batista, G.B.; Lacerda, A.L.M.; Salywon, A.; Wojciechowski, M.F.; Majure, L.C.; Martin, D.P.; Ribeiro, S.G; Lefeuvre, P; Varsani, A (Springer, 2020)

  Genomoviruses (family Genomoviridae) are circular single-stranded DNA viruses that have been mainly identified through metagenomics studies in a wide variety of samples from various environments. Here, we describe 98 genomes ...

• Rosmarinic acid exhibits anticancer effects via MARK4 inhibition 

  Anwar, S.; Shamsi, A.; Shahbaaz, M.; Queen, A.; Khan, P.; Hasan, G.M.; Islam, A.; Alajmi, M.F.; Hussain, A.; Ahmad, F.; Hassan, M.I. (Nature Publishing Group, 2020-06-25)

  Microtubule affinity regulating kinase (MARK4) is a potential drug target for different types of cancer as it controls the early step of cell division. In this study, we have screened a series of natural compounds and ...

• A genomics network established to respond rapidly to public health threats in South Africa 

  Msomi, N.; Mlisana, K.; de Oliveira, T.; Network for Genomic Surveillance in South Africa writing group (Elsevier, 2020)

  No abstract available.

• An optimal diagnostic strategy for tuberculosis in hospitalized HIV-infected patients using GeneXpert MTB/RIF and alere determine TB LAM Ag 

  Esmail, A.; Pooran, A.; Sabur, N.F.; Fadul, M.; Brar, M.S.; Oelofse, S.; Tomasicchio, M.; Dheda, K. (American society for Microbiology, 2020-09-22)

  The diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) in HIV-infected patients is challenging. Both a urinary lipoarabinomannan (LAM) test (Alere TB LAM) and GeneXpert-MTB/RIF (Xpert) are useful for the diagnosis of TB. However, how to ...

• Differential RD-1-specific IFN-γ host responses to diverse Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains in HIV-uninfected persons may be explained by genotypic variation in the ESX-1 region 

  Limberis, J.; van der Merwe, R.; Jacobson, R.; Meldau, R.; Theron, G.; Nicol, M.; Warren, R.; Dheda, K. (Elsevier, 2020-04-21)

  Objectives: Between-person variability in T-cell-specific interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) responses and discordance between IGRA test formats are poorly understood. Methods: We evaluated the IFN-γ responses ...

• An implementation study of oral and blood-based HIV self-testing and linkage to care among men in rural and peri-urban KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa 

  Shapiro, A.E.; Krows, M.; Schaafsma, T.T.; Celum, C.L.; Barnabas, R.V.; van Heerden, A.; van Rooyen, H.; Sausi, K.; Sithole, N.; Koole, O. (John Wiley and Sons, 2020-04-22)

  Introduction: In South Africa, men living with HIV are less likely than women to test and know their status (the first UNAIDS “90-90-90” target), and men have worse outcomes across the HIV care cascade. HIV self-testing ...

• Association between arterial compliance and anthropometry of children from four ethnic groups in South Africa: the Thusa bana study 

  Schutte, A.E.; Huisman, H.W.; Van Rooyen, J.M.; De Ridder, J.M.; Malan, N.T. (2003)

  Aim: To investigate whether associations and differences exist regarding the arterial compliance, dietary intake and anthropometric parameters of children of four different ethnic groups in South Africa. Study design: In ...

• The 7-Year change in the prevalence of insulin resistance, inflammatory biomarkers, and their determinants in an urban South African population. 

  Davids, S.F.G.; Matsha, TE; Peer, N; Erasmus, RT; Kengne, AP (2020-05-22)

  Background Insulin resistance (IR) and subclinical inflammation are involved in pathological pathways leading to the development of biological cardiovascular risk factors and subsequent cardiovascular events. Therefore, ...

• Violence in male patients with schizophrenia: risk markers in a South African population 

  Koen, L.; Kinnear, C.J.; Corfield, V.A.; Emsley, R.A.; Jordaan, E.; Keyter, N.; Moolman-smook, J.C.; Stein, D.J.; Niehaus, D.J.H. (2004)

  Objective: We investigate the role of functional variants in the catecholamine-O-methyl transferase gene (COMT) and the monoamine oxidase-A gene (MOA-A), as well as previously identified non-genetic risk factors in the ...

• Potential risk factors for asbestos exposure amongst six-months-old infants living in the township of Soweto, South Africa 

  Mathee, A.; Von Schirnding, Y.E.R.; De Wet, T.; Mokoetle, K. (2000)

  During recent years there has been increased attention paid to public exposure to asbestos in the nonoccupational environment. As part of a longitudinal cohort study of urban child health and development (the Birth to ...

• Prevalence of elevated blood lead in Nigerian children 

  Pfitzner, M.A.; Thacher, T.D.; Pettifor, J.M.; Zoakah, A.I.; Lawson, J.O.; Fischer, P.R. (2000)

  To determine the prevalence and risk factors of elevated blood lead levels in young, urban Nigerian children. Design A randomized cluster sample of children aged 6–35 months. Setting Jos, a community in north central ...

• Self-Disclosure of HIV serostatus in recently diagnosed patients with HIV in South Africa 

  Olley, B.O.; Seedat, S.; Stein, D.J. (Women's Health and Action Research Centre, 2004)

  Failure of people living with HIV/AIDS to disclose their HIV serostatus can place their sexual partners at risk. The current study examined HIV serostatus disclosure and its relationship to risky sexual behaviours in 69 ...

• Stress-restress evokes sustained iNOS activity and altered GABA levels and NMDA receptors in rat hippocampus 

  Harvey, B.H.; Oosthuizen, F.; Brand, L.; Wegener, G.; Stein, D.J. (Springer, 2004-02-03)

  Rationale: Stress-related glucocorticoid and glutamate release have been implicated in hippocampal atrophy evident in patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Glutamatergic mechanisms activate nitric oxide ...

• Epidemiology of Astrovirus Infection in Zaria, Nigeria 

  Pennap, G.; Pager, C.T.; Peenze, I.; de Beer, M.C.; Kwaga, J.K.P.; Ogalla, W.N.; Umoh, J.U.; Steele, A.D. (Oxford University Press, 2002)

  Astrovirus has been shown to be an important aetiological agent associated with gastroenteritis in children, although few studies have been conducted in Africa. In this study, stool specimens were obtained from 375 young ...

• Effects of nitric oxide synthase inhibitors on the febrile response to muramyl dipeptide and lipopolysaccharide in rats 

  Kamerman, P.R.; Mitchell, D.; Laburn, H.P. (Springer, 2002)

  We have administered aminoguanidine, a relatively specific inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase, and N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), an unspecific nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, to rats made febrile ...

• Circadian variation in the effects of nitric oxide synthase inhibitors on body temperature, feeding and activity in rats 

  Kamerman, P.; Mitchell, D.; Helen, L. (Springer, 2002-02)

  We have investigated whether there is circadian variation in the effects of nitric oxide synthase inhibitors on body temperature, physical activity and feeding. We used nocturnally active Sprague-Dawley rats, housed at ...

• Influence of infant-feeding patterns on early mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 in Durban, South Africa: a prospective cohort study. 

  Coutsoudis, A.; Pillay, K.; Spooner, E.; Kuhn, L.; Coovadia, H.M. (The Lancet, 1999-08-07)

  Background: The observation that mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 can occur through breastfeeding has resulted in policies that recommend avoidance of breastfeeding by HIV-1-infected women in the developed world and ...

• Hoarding in obsessive-compulsive disorder and related disorders: a preliminary report of 15 cases 

  Seedat, S.; Stein, D.J. (2002)

  Hoarding, the repetitive collection of excessive quantities of poorly useable items of little or no value with failure to discard these items over time, is characterized in DSM-IV as a symptom of obsessive-compulsive ...

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