Publication: Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 activity and the 4G/5G polymorphism are prospectively associated with blood pressure and hypertension status
Jacobs, A Schutte, A.E Ricci, C
Jacobs, A
Schutte, A.E
Ricci, C
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Abstract
Objectives: Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) has consistently shown positive associations with blood pressure (BP). Whether elevations in PAI-1 levels precede or result from raised BP is still under debate and data on prospective studies are limited. Hence, we investigated the prospective associations of PAI-1 and the 4G/5G polymorphism with brachial and central BP and pulse pressure (PP) over a 10-year period.
Methods: Black South Africans aged 30 years and older were included. Baseline data collection commenced in 2005 (n = 2010) with follow-up data collection in 2010 (n = 1288) and 2015 (n = 926). Plasma PAI-1 activity (PAI-1act), 4G/5G polymorphism genotyping, waist circumference and BP measurements were performed and analysed using sequential regression and mixed models.
Results: In multivariable adjusted analyses, PAI-1act and the 4G/4G (vs. the 5G/5G) genotype increased the odds of developing hypertension in the total group [1.04 (1.01; 1.08) and 1.82 (1.07; 3.12) respectively]. Furthermore, PAI-1act was prospectively associated with brachial SBP (r = 0.0815) and PP (r = 0.0832) in the total group, and with central PP in women (r = 0.1125; all P < 0.05). Addition of waist circumference to the models either decreased or nullified the contribution of PAI-1act to BP and hypertension development.
Conclusion: PAI-1act and the 4G/4G (vs. the 5G/5G) genotype increased the odds of developing hypertension. Furthermore, PAI-1act associated prospectively with both brachial and central BP. These associations were mediated in part by central adiposity. The study supports the hypothesis that PAI-1 also contributes to hypertension development rather than solely being a consequence thereof.
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Date
2019-07-26
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Wolters Kluwer
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Keywords
Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1),Blood pressure,Hypertension
Citation
Jacobs A, Schutte AE , Ricci C, Pieters M. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 activity and the 4G/5G polymorphism are prospectively associated with blood pressure and hypertension status. Journal of Hypertension. 2019 Jul 26. doi: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000002204