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Publication: Psychological, biological, and behavioral predictors of changes in eating attitudes from age 13 to 17 Y among urban, black South African adolescents (P18-102-19)
Kowalski, A Norris, S Richter, L Waford, R Stein, A
Kowalski, A
Norris, S
Richter, L
Waford, R
Stein, A
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Abstract
Objectives
Psychological, biological, and behavioral predictors of change in adolescent eating attitudes have not previously been examined in a South African context. We aimed to characterize patterns and predictors of trends in eating attitudes from age 13 to 17 y in an urban South African cohort.
Methods
Data come from the Birth to Twenty Plus birth cohort in Soweto-Johannesburg. The 26-item Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) was administered at ages 13 and 17 y. Self-esteem, weight control behavior, and body mass index (BMI) were assessed at the same ages. Sex-specific associations of changes in predictors over time with changes in the EAT-26 were modeled using linear regression.
Results
At age 13 y, EAT-26 (mean ± SD) was 9.92 ± 7.34 with no difference between girls and boys. At age 17 y, EAT-26 was higher, reflecting poorer eating attitudes, among girls (11.14 ± 8.75) than boys (10.06 ± 6.77). From age 13 to 17 y, self-esteem scores improved slightly (0.36 ± 4.95), with no difference by sex, while BMI increased more among girls (2.57 ± 2.34 kg/m2) than boys (1.72 ± 2.21 kg/m2). More girls reported a weight loss attempt at age 17 (32%) than at 13 y (19%), while more boys reported trying to lose weight at age 13 (14%) than at 17 y (9%). Among girls, greater BMI increase from age 13 to age 17 y was associated with higher EAT-26 (β = 0.52 per kg/m2, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.09, 0.95), and increased self-esteem score was associated with decreased EAT-26 (β = −0.40, CI: −0.59, −0.22). Similar associations were observed among boys. Compared to those whose weight control behavior did not change, attempted weight loss at age 13 y but not at age 17 y was associated with decreased EAT-26 (β = −3.67, CI: −7.3, −0.03) among girls, while among boys, attempted weight loss at age 17 y but not at age 13 y was associated with increased EAT-26 (β = 7.16, CI: 3.53, 10.8).
Conclusions
In a longitudinal sample of Black South African adolescents, improved self-esteem and decreased BMI were each associated with improved eating attitudes in both boys and girls, while associations of patterns of weight control behavior with eating attitudes differed by sex.
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Date
2019-06-13
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Elsevier
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Keywords
Psychology,Biology,Adolescent,Young people,Eating attitudes
Citation
Kowalski A, Norris S, Richter L, Waford R, Stein A. Psychological, biological, and behavioral predictors of changes in eating attitudes from age 13 to 17 Y among urban, black South African adolescents (P18-102-19). Current Developments in Nutrition. 2019 Jun 13;3(Suppl 1): P18-102-19. doi: 10.1093/cdn/nzz039.P18-102-19