Githinji, L.Zar, H.J.2024-03-212024-03-212020-02Githinji L, Zar HJ. Respiratory Complications in Children and Adolescents with Human Immunodeficiency Virus. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2021 Feb;68(1):131-145. doi: 10.1016/j.pcl.2020.09.016.101016/j.pcl.2020.09.016 Full text linksCitehttps://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33228928/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcl.2020.09.016https://hdl.handle.net/11288/595594Respiratory complications comprise a large proportion of the burden of mortality and morbidity in children with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). HIV-associated lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) has declined in incidence with early diagnosis and use of antiretroviral therapy (ART) but is widespread in areas with limited access to ART. HIV-exposed uninfected infants have a higher risk of LRTI early in life than unexposed infants. Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) presenting as acute or chronic disease is common in highly TB endemic areas. Chronic lung disease is common; preceding LRTI, PTB or late initiation of ART are risk factors.enAttribution 3.0 United Stateshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/us/ChildrenChronic lung diseaseHIVLower respiratory tract infectionArticlePediatric Clinics of North America