Schmaa, L.Pozzi, E.Ho, T.C.van Velzen, L.S.Veer, I.M.Opel, N.Van Someren, E.J.W.Han, L.K.M.Aftanas, L.Aleman, A.Baune, B.T.Berger, K.Blanken, T.F.Capitão, L.Couvy-Duchesne, B.Cullen, K.R.Dannlowski, U.Davey, C.Erwin-Grabner, T.Evans, J.Frodi, T.Fu, C.H.Y.Godlewska, B.Gotlib, I.H.Goya-Maldonado, R.Grabe, H.J.Groenewold, N.A.Grotegerd, D.Gruber, O.Gutman, B.A.Hall, G.B.Harrison, B.J.Hatton, S.N.Hermesdorf, M.Hickie, I.B.Hilland, E.Irungu, B.Jonassen, R.Kelly, S.Kircher, T.Klimes-Dougan, B.Krug, A.Landrø, N.I.Lagopoulos, J.Leerssen, J.Li, M.Linden, D.E.J.MacMaster, F.P.McIntosh, A.M.Mehler, D.M.A.Nenadić, I.Penninx, B.W.J.H.Portella, M.J.Reneman, L.Rentería, M.Sacchet, M.D.Sämann, P.G.Schrantee, A.Sim, K.Soares, J.C.Stein, D.J.Tozzi, L.van Der Wee, N.J.A.van Tol, M.J.Vermeiren, R.Vives-Gilabert, Y.Walter, H.Walter, M.Whalley, H.C.Wittfeld, K.Whittle, S.Wright, M.J.Yang, T.T.Zarate Jr, C.Thomopoulos, S.I.Jahanshad, N.Thompson, P.M.Veltman, D.J.2024-05-012024-05-012020-05-29Schmaal L, Pozzi E, C Ho T, van Velzen LS, Veer IM, Opel N, Van Someren EJW, Han LKM, Aftanas L, Aleman A, Baune BT, Berger K, Blanken TF, Capitão L, Couvy-Duchesne B, R Cullen K, Dannlowski U, Davey C, Erwin-Grabner T, Evans J, Frodl T, Fu CHY, Godlewska B, Gotlib IH, Goya-Maldonado R, Grabe HJ, Groenewold NA, Grotegerd D, Gruber O, Gutman BA, Hall GB, Harrison BJ, Hatton SN, Hermesdorf M, Hickie IB, Hilland E, Irungu B, Jonassen R, Kelly S, Kircher T, Klimes-Dougan B, Krug A, Landrø NI, Lagopoulos J, Leerssen J, Li M, Linden DEJ, MacMaster FP, M McIntosh A, Mehler DMA, Nenadić I, Penninx BWJH, Portella MJ, Reneman L, Rentería ME, Sacchet MD, G Sämann P, Schrantee A, Sim K, Soares JC, Stein DJ, Tozzi L, van Der Wee NJA, van Tol MJ, Vermeiren R, Vives-Gilabert Y, Walter H, Walter M, Whalley HC, Wittfeld K, Whittle S, Wright MJ, Yang TT, Zarate C Jr, Thomopoulos SI, Jahanshad N, Thompson PM, Veltman DJ. ENIGMA MDD: seven years of global neuroimaging studies of major depression through worldwide data sharing. Transl Psychiatry. 2020 May 29;10(1):172. doi: 10.1038/s41398-020-0842-6.10.1038/s41398-020-0842-6https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32472038/https://hdl.handle.net/11288/595941A key objective in the field of translational psychiatry over the past few decades has been to identify the brain correlates of major depressive disorder (MDD). Identifying measurable indicators of brain processes associated with MDD could facilitate the detection of individuals at risk, and the development of novel treatments, the monitoring of treatment effects, and predicting who might benefit most from treatments that target specific brain mechanisms. However, despite intensive neuroimaging research towards this effort, underpowered studies and a lack of reproducible findings have hindered progress. Here, we discuss the work of the ENIGMA Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) Consortium, which was established to address issues of poor replication, unreliable results, and overestimation of effect sizes in previous studies. The ENIGMA MDD Consortium currently includes data from 45 MDD study cohorts from 14 countries across six continents. The primary aim of ENIGMA MDD is to identify structural and functional brain alterations associated with MDD that can be reliably detected and replicated across cohorts worldwide. A secondary goal is to investigate how demographic, genetic, clinical, psychological, and environmental factors affect these associations. In this review, we summarize findings of the ENIGMA MDD disease working group to date and discuss future directions. We also highlight the challenges and benefits of large-scale data sharing for mental health research.enAttribution 3.0 United Stateshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/us/Translational psychiatryDepressionMajor depressive disorderArticleTranslational Psychiatry