Cook, C.J.Howard, S.J.Scerif, G.Twine, R.Kahn, K.Norris, S.A.Draper, C.E.2024-03-192024-03-192021-01-23Cook CJ, Howard SJ, Scerif G, Twine R, Kahn K, Norris SA, Draper C.E. Associations between South African preschoolers’ routine physical activity, self-regulation and psychosocial well-being. Mental Health and Physical Activity. 2021;20:100383. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mhpa.2021.100383.10.1016/j.mhpa.2021.100383https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S175529662100003Xhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.mhpa.2021.100383https://hdl.handle.net/11288/595557Physical activity (PA) is an essential health behaviour with a wide range of benefits, including the potential for a beneficial association with self-regulation and psychosocial well-being. However, evidence for this relationship remains scarce in the preschool age-group and in low-income countries. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the relationship between self-regulation and psychosocial well-being on the one hand and objectively measured, free-living PA in 119 preschool children (Mage = 50.7 months, SD = 8.4) on the other from low-income settings in South Africa. PA was objectively measured using accelerometry and teacher-report ratings of self-regulation and psychosocial well-being were collected. Results revealed that time spent in both TPA (B = −0.233, p = 0.005) and MVPA (B = −0.181, p = 0.039) was negatively associated with self-regulation skills. Additionally, time spent in TPA (B = 0.180, p = 0.034) was positively (detrimentally) associated with externalising behaviour problems. This study suggests a negative association between self-regulation as well as externalising behaviour and PA, but also highlights the need for more comprehensive and longitudinal research in low and middle-income countries, taking into consideration the nature and context of free-living PA in these settings in order to better understand these relationships and their potential confounds.enAttribution 3.0 United Stateshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/us/SociabilityExternalisingLow-incomeAccelerometryEarly childhoodPsychosocial well-beingSDG-03 Good health and well-beingArticleMental Health and Physical Activity